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Grade Level: 5

Unit 2: Resilience and Resistance – Hmong Resilience and Resistance

Time Frame

  • 1–2 class periods

Materials

  • Hmong Politicians Profile Assignment worksheet
  • Green Card Entrepreneur Voices – Bo Thao-Urabe’s story
  • Hmong Town Marketplace and Hmong Village images

Connections to the 7 Cs of Ethnic Studies

  • Celebrate: using Hmong counter-stories and community narratives through storytelling
  • Challenge: understanding how Hmong individuals and organizations contribute toward action, organizing, advocating, and healing in their local communities

Instruction (ICCR)

Ignite: Qualities for Success

  • Display on the board an image of either Hmong Village or Hmongtown Marketplace in St. Paul, Minnesota.
  • As students are looking at the visual, share with them: 
  • Hmong immigrants arrived in the US with nothing more than the clothes on their backs and simple pots and pans. Look at the bustling marketplace on the screen, and think of what qualities are needed for survival and success. 

Turn and Talk

Ask students to brainstorm with an elbow partner what three qualities (bravery, hard work, etc.) they would need to survive and eventually open a store like the image on the screen, if they had to move to a new country with no knowledge of the language and no money.

  • Ask a few students to share out loud with the class.

Chunk: Resilience

Acknowledgement: This was the shared journey for many Hmong Americans. There are other Hmong narratives that may contrast this one, such as Hmong Chinese, Hmong Laos, Hmong Vietnam, and other groups with their own different experiences. Some may have fought along with the communists or with the Pathet Lao for their own survival or by choice. Similarly, not all Hmong followed the refugee journey or chose to migrate to the United States, as many chose to remain in Laos and Thailand, and some even migrated to different countries throughout the world. This lesson will focus mainly on the shared experience of Hmong Americans. 

Explain that the Hmong were an ethnic minority group from China. Throughout history, the Chinese and Hmong fought many wars against each other over land and resources. Eventually, Hmong fled China into Southeast Asia. In Laos, the CIA recruited the Hmong to help fight against communism and the Pathet Lao during the Secret War. They were recruited due to the Hmong being familiar with the land; many joined out of necessity to survive during wartime. When the US withdrew from the Vietnam War, they also abandoned the Hmong in Laos. The Hmong faced persecution and genocide by the Pathet Lao and had to fend for themselves in the jungles of Laos. 

The journey to get across the Mekong River to Thailand was in itself a journey of resilience. The Hmong had to hide in the jungle, forage for food, travel in groups, and often move under the cover of the night sky to evade the Pathet Lao. Along the way, some had to abandon personal belongings, some had to leave behind family members, some elders had to be carried, some crying babies were drugged with opium to keep them silent when the enemy was nearby, and some babies did not make it. It was their mental and physical resilience that helped them to reach the river and to cross it into Thailand to gain their freedom. (Background Information)

  • Resilience is the ability to get through an incredibly hard time and keep going. 
  • Quick Check-In: What is one example of how the Hmong showed resilience?
    • The Hmong had to hide, travel at night, and look out for each other in the jungle to reach safety across the Mekong River. 

Chunk: Resistance and Power

Transition from history to community, by introducing the clan system and political representation. Explain how Minnesota is home to over 90,000 Hmong immigrants, with St. Paul being the largest urban concentration in the US. 

Cultural strength

  • Explain how the clan system is a strength for the Hmong. Use a team analogy to help explain a clan; if one member of your team wants to start a business, everyone on the team pitches in to help.
    • Turn and Talk: Who is a part of your clan, or “team,” or the people you can always count on? 
  • Connection to Resistance: Explain to the students that resistance doesn’t always mean fighting, and can also mean organizing to make sure your people or community have a voice and receive fair treatment. 

Politics

  • For a long time, the Hmong community in MN did not have anyone in city or state government who understood their history or culture. Hmong lacked political representation until Mee Moua came along in 2002. Mee Moua was the first elected Hmong state senator.
  • Not only did she use her voice to make sure Hmong were heard, she also opened the door for Foung Hawj and others to follow, attracting Hmong Americans to participate in politics.

Chew: Bo Thao-Urabe’s Story

  • Provide an excerpt from “Bo Thao-Urabe” from Green Card Entrepreneur Voices, pages 11–12.
  • Have students read the passage of Bo’s experience with creating positive changes.

Group Task

  • Paragraph and Summary: One partner reads a paragraph; the other summarizes the paragraph in 5 words. Switch halfway through the reading.
  • Discuss and Analyze: 
    • Recall: What challenges did Bo face when she was growing up?
      • Sentence Starter: Bo faced the challenge of . . . 
    • Concept: How did Bo use her resilience to help her start her own projects?
      • Sentence Starter: Bo showed resilience by _____________; this helped her because ___________.
    • Connect: How does Bo’s story show resistance, using her power to create a positive change for others?
      • Sentence Starter: Her work created change for the community by __________.

Optional Extension Assignment: Hmong Politicians Profile Assignment

  • Create a list of Hmong politicians; have students pick one to research and complete a worksheet on.
    • Possible politicians: Kaohly Her, Fue Lee, Jay Xiong, Nelsie Yang, Samantha Vang, Mai Xiong, Susan Pha, etc.
    • See the worksheet.

Review: Exit Ticket

Have students fill in the blank to answer this question prompt: “The Hmong community united together and drew on their strength of ______________________ to challenge ____________________, and created a lasting change by _____________________.”

Multilingual and ELL Support

  • Provide a graphic organizer for the Hmong politician profile assignment.
  • Provide sentence stems for reflection questions:
    • A quality one would need is _______ because . . .   
    • I noticed that  . . .
    • I think / I believe Hmong American Day is important / not important because . . . 
    • I think many Hmong became interested/involved in politics because . . . 
    • We can celebrate / critique _______________ because . . .

Vocabulary and Definitions

  • System: the organized way of doing something based on the way it was set up and meant to work
  • Resilience: the ability to bounce back after a tough experience or time
  • Clan system: a large extended family connected by both a shared last name and shared ancestors
  • Change: the process of something becoming different than what it was before
  • Politician: a person elected to help run a government and make decisions for the city, state, or country
  • Entrepreneur: a person who starts their own business or projects to help solve a problem or provide goods or services

Resource List 

3 Kawm Txog: Kev Kho Siab Ntsws thiab Txhim Kho Lub Neej Tom Ntej – Hmoob Kev Kho Siab Ntsws thiab Txhim Kho Lub Neej Tom Ntej

Sij Hawm Qhia

  • 1–2 hnub thaum chav kawm sib ntsib

Cov Khoom Siv

  • Green Card Entrepreneur Voices – Steve Thao daim video
  • Daim Ntawv Paj Ntaub 3 seem handout

Connections to the 7 Cs of Ethnic Studies

  • Saib Xyuas: siv Hmoob cov txuj ci (suab paj nruag/paj ntaub) los ua lub cib fim kom lees paub tus kheej thiab kho siab ntsws
  • Conceptualize: siv Hmoob cov txuj ci (suab paj nruag/paj ntaub) los yog ib yam cuab yeej kom muaj zeem muag, pom yav tom ntej, tsim kho lub ntiaj teb, muaj kev cia siab, muaj kev kho siab ntsws, thiab muaj kev sib raug zoo ua ke

Txheej Txheem Qhia

Tseem Ceeb: Thov ceeb toom cov tub ntxhais tias kev kawm hnub no yuav muaj qee yam ua rau lawv txhawj/ muaj kev nyuaj siab, thiab tsim ib chav nyab xeeb rau lawv ua ntej pib zaj kawm no. Hnub no, chav kawm yuav saib tib neeg cov txuj ci paj ntaub thiab suab paj nruag los ua kev kawm kom nkag siab cov sij haum nyuab thiab nkag siab tias cov txuj ci no kho neeg siab ntsws li cas. Qee yam ncauj lus peb yuav tham txog yog kev ua tsov rog, tsiv teb tsaws chaw/khiav tawm teb chaws, thiab kev tsim txom ntawm ntau tiam neeg, kev ntxhov siab los sis tusiab uas cov tsev neeg muaj ib phaum dhau ib phaum, thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau yus muaj qee yam kev xav. 

Thov ceeb toom cov tub ntxhais kom paub sib hwm, tsim ib chav nyab xeeb rau txhua tus, thiab yog lawv tsis xav hais lus/tsis xav tham los tau. Ntxiv thiab, nco ntsoov kom cov tub ntxhais mus cuag lawv cov kws kho kev mob hlwb/kho kev nyuaj siab yog lawv xav tau kev pab, thiab qhia tias cov ncauj lus hnub no yog tham hauv chav kawm es ua rau lawv muaj qee yam kev xav. Xib Fwb siv nws qhov kev txiav txim siab zoo tshaj plaws los ceeb toom cov tub ntxhais kawm.

Taws: Lub Suab Txawv

  • Tso lub suab qeej los sis raj me me rau cov tub ntxhais mloog, txhob tso daim duab kom pom cov twj suab paj nruag (instrument slide).
  • Nug cov tub ntxhais: Yog tias lub suab no yog ib tug neeg hais lus, xav seb nws lub siab xav li cas?
    • Kab lub pib: Lub suab no __________. / Hnov tau tias lub suab no ________________.
  • Tso daim duab ntawm rab qeej/rab raj. Qhia cov tub ntxhais tias yog dab tsi.

Tig thiab Tham

Koj mloog zaj nkauj dab tsi thaum koj tu siab los sis tsis muaj siab ua dab tsi? Vim li cas mloog nkauj ho zoo dua nrog ib tug phooj ywg tham?

Phua: Hmoob Twj Suab Paj Nruag

  • Neeb Thoj piav qhia cov twj suab paj nruag thiab cov suab uas txhais tau lus Hmoob, nrog rau tias suab paj nruag/nkauj yog ib yam txuas neeg cov lus hais, thiab feem ntau yog siv los nrhiav txij nkawm/sib tham.
  • Piav qhia cov suab ntawm cov twj suab paj nruag qog lus Hmoob li cas. Cov suab zoo yam li hu ib zaj lus nthuav qhia ib tug neeg txoj kev xav, zoo li hu nkauj rau ib tug phooj ywj los sis hu nkauj rau yus cov poj koob yawm txwv. Hais kom cov tub ntxhais sim seev (hum) lawv lub npe. 
  • Qhia rau cov tub ntxhais kawm kom meej tias suab paj nruag yog ib yam ua rau neeg qhia tau lawv tej kev xav. Thaum ub, Hmoob tsis qhib siab qhia txhua yam kev xav lawv muaj, tshwj xeeb yog thaum sib tham nrhiav txij nkawm. Suab paj nruag yog ib txoj hauv kev rau tib neeg qhib siab qhia thiab tham txog lawv tej kev xav, kev hlub, kev zoo siab, los sis kev tu siab rau lwm tus. 

Tig thiab Tham

Xav txog ib zaj nkauj koj tso mloog thaum uas koj tu siab/ tsis muaj siab ua dab tsi. Vim li cas hnov zaj nkauj ntawd thiaj li muaj kev nyab xeeb rau koj los sis nplij koj siab dua li tham nrog ib tug phooj ywg?  

  • Kab lus pib: Thaum kuv nyuaj siab, kuv nyiam mloog ___________. 

Phua: Steve Thoj

Saib daim yeeb yaj kiab txog “Steve Thao” los ntawm Green Card Entrepreneur Voices.

Pab Pawg Sib Tham/Sib Qhia Tswv Yim

  • Saib daim yeeb yaj kiab: Saib ua ke.
  • Tham: Txuj ci suab paj nruag pab Hmoob qhib siab qhia lawv cov kev xav li cas? Cov txuj ci no pab Hmoob nkag siab lawv tsev neeg li keeb kwm li cas? Cov txuj ci no pab Hmoob kho lub neej yav dhau lo li cas? 
  • Tshuaj xyuas: Thoj hais tias, “Txuj ci suab paj nruag yog ib txoj hauv kev rau peb qhia peb cov dab neeg, es tsis txhob cia lwm tus qhia rau peb.” Qhov nws hais no txhais tau li cas? Koj yuav siv txuj ci suab paj nruag los qhia koj zaj dab neeg li cas? 
    • Koj qhia koj cov kev xav li cas? 
    • Koj yuav siv txuj ci suab paj nruag lo qhia koj cov kev xav li cas?

Zom: Paj Ntaub Artwork 

Nthuav qhia txog  paj ntaub Hmoob, uas feem ntau yog siv los qhia dab neeg, tshwj xeeb li daim paj ntaub dab neeg. Qhia rau cov tub ntxhais tias paj ntaub dab neeg pib hauv cov yeej thoj nam tawg rog, uas yog ib txoj hauv kev cov Hmoob nthuav lawv cov txuj los khwv nyiaj. Lawv siv tes dag zog los tsim daim ntaub, ces siv tes los kos thiab xaws daim paj ntaub dab neeg qhia txog lawv lub neej, keeb kwm, thiab tej yam lawv tau ntsib. Muab ob peb daim paj ntaub dab neeg rau cov tub ntxhais kawm saib, thiab qhia cov qauv tshwj xeeb npe thiab txhais li cas.  (Saib daim paj ntaub link hauv qab.)

Zaj Dab Neeg Luv Luv 

Tsim ib daim ntawv paj ntaub 3 seem

  • Daim Ntawv Paj Ntaub 3 seem design: 3 lub xwm fab xwm meem sib txuas, uas muaj ntug qauv Hmoob (roob/ qwj) ncig tag nrho 3 lub ntsais
    • Cov tub ntxhais yuav kos duab rau txhua lub ntsais
      • Xwm fab xwm meem 1: Kos duab qhia ib lub sij hawm nyuaj koj tau ntsib los
      • Xwm fab xwm meem 2: Kos duab qhia seb dab tsi tau pab kom koj zoo siab/ nplij koj siab/ kho tau koj siab (tsev neeg, suab paj nraug, kos duab, lwm yam).
      • Xwm fab xwm meem 3: Kos duab qhia koj cov kev cia siab koj muaj rau koj tus kheej yav tom ntej 
  • Cov tub ntxhais yuav sau peb kab lus txog lawv cov duab, ib kab lus hauv ib lub ntsais.
    • Kuv daim duab qhia  _________.
    • No pab kuv (hnov tias) ______ vim _____.
    • __________ ua rau kuv muaj kev cia siab rau yav tom ntej. .

Saib Dua: 3-2-1 Daim Pib Tawm

Siv ib daim ntawv (nyob hauv phau ntawv sau los sis ib daim ntawv me me) los sis saum huab cua, hais kom cov tub ntxhais sau teb cov lus no thiab muab rau tus xib fwb:

  • Peb yam koj kawm tau hnub no
  • Ob tug qauv uas muaj nyob hauv paj ntaub Hmoob
  • Ib txoj hauv kev uas suab paj nruag/ paj ntaub pab tau neeg kev kho siab kho ntsws

Kev Pab Cov Tub Ntxhais Hais Ntau Hom Lus thiab Kawm Lus Askiv

  • Siv cov kab lus pib thaum rov xav txog/tham txog kev kawm:
    • Txuj ci suab paj nruag/ paj ntaub pab peb tau nrog _____
    • Txuj ci suab paj nruag/ paj ntaub pab kho _______
    • Txuj ci suab paj nruag/ paj ntaub ua rau kuv nkag siab ______.
    • Kuv qhia kuv cov kev xav/ kuv tus kheej los ntawm ______. 
    • Thaum kuv _____, kuv mloog _____.

Ntsiab Lus thiab Txhais Li Cas

  • Paj ntaub: Hmoob txuj ci teej tug uas siv koob los xaws rau daim ntaub 
  • Txuj Ci (suab paj nruag/paj ntaub/ kev kos duab): tej yam yus tsim los ntawm kev xav los qhia tswv yim thiab neeg cov kev xav, los tsim tej yam zoo nkauj, los sis los qhia tias yus pom lub ntiaj tej li cas 
  • Kev kho siab ntsws: qhov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua rau yus lub siab kaj, siab tawv, los sis lub siab rov los ua ib lub tom qab yus raug tsim txom, tsis hais ntawm cev nqaij daim tawv los sis kev xav hauv siab
  • Kev cia siab: kev ntseeg tias yam zoo yeej yuav tshwm sim
  • Tus qauv: ib daim duab uas txhais tau ib lub tswv yim loj/tseem ceeb, los sis txhais tau ib qho ntsiab lus zoo

Teev Cov Khoom Siv 

2 Kawm Txog: Kev Muaj Peev Xwm thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv/Kev Tawm Tsam – Hmoob Kev Muaj Peev Xwm thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv/Kev Tawm Tsam

Sij Hawm Qhia

  • 1–2 hnub thaum chav kawm sib ntsib

Cov Khoom Siv

  • Daim ntawv qhia txog Hmoob Cov Nom Tswv 
  • Green Card Entrepreneur Voices – Bo Thao-Urabe’s story
  • Hmoob Khw Tshav Puam Qub thiab Hmoob Tshav Puam Tshiab (Zos Hmoob) images

Connections to the 7 Cs of Ethnic Studies

  • Ua kev zoo siab: siv cov dab neeg Hmoob thiab pej xeem Hmoob cov dab neeg los piav dab neeg
  • Kev tsis yooj yim: nkag siab tias pej xeem Hmoob thiab koom haum tau txhawb lawv lub zej zog li cas rau sab kev tawm suab, kev tawm tswv yim, thiab kev kho siab kho ntsws

Txheej Txheem Qhia

Taws: Cov qauv rau Kev Ua Tau Zoo/Kev Vam Meej

  • Tso ib daim duab khw tshav puam qub los sis tshiab hauv St. Paul, Minnesota
  • Thaum cov tub ntxhais kawm saib daim duab, nug lawv tias:
  •        Thaum cov Hmoob tawg rog tuaj txog hauv Asmesliskas, lawv nqa tsis tau dab tsi tuaj nrog lawv, tsuas yog nqa tau cov khaub ncaws lawv muaj thiab tej lub twj taig xwb. Saib daim duab khw tshav puam uas muag ntau yam thiab muaj neeg coob coob no, xav seb yuav tsum muaj yam dab tsi thiaj li yuav pab tau kom hais neeg ciaj sia thiab vam meej.

Tig thiab Tham

Hais kom cov tub ntxhais nrog tus khub ntawm ib sab tawm peb lub tswm yim (kev muaj peev xwm, kev rau siab ua hauj lwm, lwm yam ntxiv) uas lawv yuav tsum muaj thiaj li ciaj sia thiab qhib tau ib lub khw li daim duab, yog tias lawv tau tsiv mus nyob ib lub teb chaws tshiab uas lawv tsis paub cov lus hais ntawd thiab tsis muaj nyiaj.

  • Hais kom ob peb tug tub ntxhais kawm qhia lawv cov tswv yim rau sawv daws. 

Phua: Kev Muaj Peev Xwm

Lees paub: No yog ib qhov kev taug rau coob tus Hmoob Meskas. Lwm cov Hmoob dab neeg/kev taug kuj txwv cov Hmoob Meskas, xws li cov Hmoob Suav, Hmoob Nplog, Hmoob Nyab Laj, thiab lwm haiv neeg. Tej zaum ib txhia kuj tau tawm tsam/ koom tes nrog cov Nyab Laj Liab los sis cov tub rog Nplog kom lawv muaj sia nyob los sis yeej txaus siab koom nrog lawv. Ib yam li ntawd, txhua txhua tus Hmoob tsis taug txoj kev ua neeg tawg rog los sis tuaj nyob Asmesliskas; coob tus kuj txiav txim siab nyob Nplog Teb thiab Thaib Teb; ib txhia khiav mus nyob lwm cov teb chaws thoob lub ntiaj teb no. Kev kawm hnub no yuav kawm txog cov dab neeg/ kev taug ntawm cov Hmoob Meskas.

Qhia: Hmoob yog ib haiv neeg pawg tsawg nyob hauv Suav Teb tuaj. Hauv keeb kwm ntau xyoo dhau los, cov neeg Suav thiab Hmoob tau sib ntaus sib tua txeeb av thiab peev txheej. Thaum kawg, Hmoob tsiv Suav Teb los mus nyob Sov Choj/ Sab Qab Teb Chaws Esxias. Hauv Nplog Teb, Meskas CIA tuaj rub Hmoob mus pab tua cov Nyab Laj Liab thiab cov tub rog Nplog thaum muaj Kob Tsov Rog Qab Rooj/Kob Tsov Rog Zais. Hmoob raug xaiv thiab rub mus ua tub rog vim lawv paub thaj av zoo; coob tus mus ua tub rog vim kom tsis txom nyem/muaj sia thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov rog. Thaum Asmesliskas khiav tawm tsis tua Kob Tsov Rog Nyab Laj, lawv kuj tso cov Hmoob tseg hauv Nplog Teb. Cov Hmoob tau ntsib kev tsim txom thiab raug cov tub rog Nplog tua; lawv yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej hauv tej hav zoov hauv Nplog Teb.

Txoj kev khiav hla tus Dej Nab Khoom los rau Thaib Teb yog ib txoj kev qhia tias Hmoob muaj peev xwm. Cov Hmoob yuav tsum tau nkaum hauv hav zoov, nrhiav zaub mov noj, khiav ua ib pawg, thiab feem ntau ces khiav thaum tsaus ntuj kom dim cov tub rog Nplog. Lub sij hawm thaum lawv khiav ces ib txhia yuav tau tso tseg lawv tej khoom, ib txhia yuav tau tso lawv tsev neeg tseg, ib co yuav tsum tau ev cov laus, ib co me nyuam quaj taug raug noj tshuaj yeeb kom txhob quaj kom ntsiag to thaum yeeb ncuab nyob ze, thiab ib co me nyuam tau tuag vim noj yeeb ntau dhau lawm los sis txhaum yeeb. Hmoob lub siab tawv thiab lub cev peem tiag tiag lawv thiaj los txog tus dej, thiab hla daj mus rau Thaib Teb kom muaj kev ywj pheej.  (Ntaub Ntawv Keeb Kwm Background Information)

  • Kev muaj peev xwm yog ib yam los pab tus kheej kom peem kom dhau lub sij hawm nyuaj 
  • Nug cov tub ntxhais: Ib yam piv txwv tias Hmoob muaj peev xwm yog dab tsi? 
    • Cov Hmoob yauv tau nkaum, khiav thaum tsaus ntuj, thiab saib xyuas txhua tus zoo zoo kom mus txog tus Dej Nab Khoom. 

Phua: Kev Tiv Thaiv/Kev Tawm Tsam thiab Fwj Chim

Dhau ntawm keeb kwm los mus rau lub zej zog, ces qhia txog Hmoob kev sib txheeb thiab kev nom tswv. Qhia tias Minnesota yog vaj yog tsev rau ntau tshaj 90,000 tus Hmoob, uas St. Paul yog lub nroog muaj Hmoob nyob ntau tshaj plaws hauv Asmesliskas.

Lub zog ntawm Kab Lis Kev Cai

  • Qhia tias kev sib txheeb/tsev kwv tij (clan system) yog ib yam muaj zog rau Hmoob. Siv ib pab pawg los piv txwv qhia txog qhov kev sib txheeb; piv txwv tias yog koj ib tug phooj ywg xav pib ib lub lag luam, ces txhua tus phooj ywg txhawb nws. 
    • Tig thiab Tham: Leej twg yog ib feem hauv koj tsev kwv tij, los sis “pab pawg”, los sis cov neeg uas koj ntseeg thiab tso siab tau?
  • Txuas rau Kev Tiv Thaiv/Kev Tawm Tsam: Qhia rau cov tub ntxhais tias kev tiv thaiv/tawm tsam tsis yog yuav sib ntaus/sib tua tas li, nws kuj txhais tau tias rub yus tsev neeg/ tsev kwv tij los sis lub zej zog los ua ke kom muaj suab thiab tau txais kev ncaj ncees. 

Kev Nom Tswv 

  • Tau ntau xyoo, lub zej zog Hmoob hauv MN tsis muaj leej twg sawv cev hauv nroog los sis hauv tsoom fwv Meskas uas nkag siab txog lawv li keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai. Hmoob tsis muaj ib tug nom tswv sawv cev rau lawv ua ntej Mim Muas (Mee Moua) los khiav ua hauj lwm hauv tsoom fwv thaum 2002. Mim Muas yog thawj tug Hmoob raug xaiv los yog ib tug sawv cev rau lub xeev MN.
  • Tsis yog tias nws siv nws lub suab los txhawb Hmoob xwb, nws yog ib tug qauv qhib tau qhov rooj rau Foom Hawj thiab lwm tus taug nws txog lwg, txhawb siab rau cov Hmoob Meskas kom nyiam txog kev khiav ua nom ua tswv. 

Zom: Bo Thao-Urabe zaj dab neeg

  • Muab ib ntu dab neeg ntawm “Bo Thao-Urabe” los ntawm Green Card Entrepreneur Voices, nploog 11–12 los rau cov tub ntxhais.
  • Hais kom cov tub ntxhais nyeem zaj dab neeg txog Bo lub neej uas tau tsim tej kev zoo

Pab Pawg Sib Tham/Sib Qhia Tswv Yim

  • Nqe Lus thiab Rov Qhia Dua: Ib tug khub nyeem zaj dab neeg; ib tug khub siv 5 lo lus los rov qhia zaj dab neeg dua. Thaum nyeem txog ib nrab, ces ob leeg sib hloov. 
  • Tham thiab tshuaj xyuas: 
    • Rov nco thiab tham txog: Bo tau ntsib tej kev nyuaj dab tsi thaum nws tseem yau?  
      • Kab lus pib: Bo tau ntsib ____./ Ib yam kev nyuaj Bo tau ntsib yog_____.
    • Lub tswv yim: Bo siv nws kev peev xwm los pab nws pib nws cov hauj lwm li cas?
      • Kab lub pib: Bo siv nws kev peev xwm los ntawm ______. Qhov no pab nws vim ________.
    • Txuas: Bo zaj dab neeg qhia txog kev tiv thaiv/kev tawm tsam li cas, xws li thaum nws siv nws lub fwj chim los tsim tej kev zoo rau lwm tus?
      • Kab lus pib: Nws cov hauj lwm tau tsim kev hloov pauv rau lub zej zog los ntawm ____.

Kawm Ntxiv: Daim ntawv qhia txog Hmoob Cov Nom Tswv

  • Sau cov Hmoob nom tswv npe; hais cov tub ntxhais xaiv ib tug los tshawb fawb thiab sau txog rau ib daim ntawv. 
    • Piv txwv: Nkauj Lig Hawj (Kaohly Her), Fwm Lis (Fue Lee), Ntses Xyooj (Jay Xiong), Nelsie Yaj (Nelsie Yang), Samantha Vaj (Samantha Vang), Maiv Xyooj (Mai Xiong), Susan Pha, etc.
    • Saib daim ntawv sau.

Saib Dua: Daim Pib Tawm

Hais kom cov tub ntxhais sau rau kab lus no kom meej/kom yog: “Zej zog Hmoob sib koom tes ua ke thiab siv _______ los tawm tsam __________, thiab tsim tau kev hloov los ntawm ______.” 

Kev Pab Cov Tub Ntxhais Hais Ntau Hom Lus thiab Kawm Lus Askiv

  • Siv ib daim ntawv teev/sau txog cov nom tswv Hmoob.
  • Muab cov kab lus pib los pab cov tub ntxhais teb nus lug:
    • Ib qho qauv zoo ib tug neeg yuav tsum muaj yog ____ vim _____.
    • Kuv pom tias ____.
    • Kuv ntseeg tias Hmoob Hnub tseem ceeb/ tsis tseem ceeb vim _____.
    • Kuv xav tias tej zaum coob tus Hmoob nyiam khiav ua nom ua tswv vim _____.
    • Peb ua kev zoo siab rau ___ vim ___./ Peb tib ___ vim ___.

Ntsiab Lus thiab Txhais Li Cas

  • System: ib qho txheej txheem qhia tias yuav ua li cas vim yeej ua tseg li ntawd los thiaj ua hauj lwm zoo
  • Kev peev xwm: muaj cuab kav sawv thiab peem kom dhau tej kev nyuaj/ sij haum nyuaj 
  • Tsev Kwv Tij: ib tsev neeg loj uas muaj sib txheeb los ntawm lub xeem thiab poj koob yawm txwv
  • Kev hloov pauv: txoj kev uas hloov/ras ua yam tshiab 
  • Tus neeg ua nom tswv: ib tug neeg uas raug xaiv tsa los khiav hauj lwm hauv tsoom fwv thiab xaiv cai los rau lub nroog, lub xeev, los sis lub teb chaws
  • Tus neeg ua lag luam: ib tug neeg uas pib thiab khiav nws lub lag luam/ hauj lwm los pab lwm tus daws teeb meem los sis tsim tej khoom/kev pab cuam rau neeg siv 

Teev Cov Khoom Siv

1 Kawm Txog: Lub Neej thiab Hom Lus – Hmoob Lub Neej thiab Hom Lus

Sij Hawm Qhia

  • 1–2 hnub thaum chav kawm sib ntsib

Cov Khoom Siv

  • Green Card Youth Voices: Immigration Stories from a St. Paul High School – Ib Yam Xyooj zaj dab neeg story thiab video
  • T-Chart 

Connections to the 7 Cs of Ethnic Studies

  • Saib Xyuas: kawm txog keeb kwm Hmoob, haiv neeg Hmoob, thiab lus Hmoob kom muaj cib fim los lees paub thiab kho tus kheej
  • Ua kev zoo siab: siv cov dab neeg Hmoob thiab pej xeem Hmoob cov dab neeg los piav dab neeg

Txheej Txheem Qhia

Taws: Hom Lus

Sau rau ntawm daim txiag:
Nyob zoo. Kuv lub npe hu ua . . . 
(Hello. My name is . . .)

Nug cov tub ntxhais kawm seb puas muaj leej twg paub hom lus no los sis nyeem tau. Hu ob peb tug los twv los sis nyeem kab lus rau txhua tus. Nug cov tub ntxhais kawm kom tsa tes yog tias lawv hais ib hom lus txawv uas tsis yog lus Askiv tom tsev. 

Tig thiab Tham

Piv txwv tias koj tau khiav mus nyob ib lub teb chaws tshiab uas tsis muaj neeg paub hais, nyeem, los sis nkag siab koj hom lus. Koj yuav qhia rau lawv tias koj yog leej twg li cas? Koj yuav qhia koj zaj dab neeg rau lawv li cas? 

  • Hais kom ob peb tug tub ntxhais kawm qhia lawv cov tswv yim rau sawv daws. 

Phua: Kev Piav Dab Neeg 

Qhia tias haiv neeg Hmoob yog ib haiv neeg pawg tsawg nyob hauv Suav Teb uas tau khiav tawm mus nyob thoob Sab Qab Teb Chaws Esxias. Meskas CIA tau rub Hmoob los pab tua Kob Tsov Rog Qab Rooj hauv Nplog Teb. Vim li no, coob tus Hmoob yuav tsum tau khiav tawm Nplog Teb mus nyob hauv cov yeej thoj nam tawg rog hauv Thaib Teb. Nim no, Hmoob nyob thoob Asmesliskas; cov coob nyob hauv lub xeev California, Minnesota, thiab Wisconsin. Hmoob nyob coob heev hauv ob lub nroog. Hmoob lub neej thiab tus kheej tau hloov pauv vim kev yuav plam lawv hom lus thiab kab lis kev cai. 

  • Tham me ntsis txog Hmoob kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw: Suav Teb -> Nplog Teb -> cov yeej thoj nam tawg rog -> Asmesliskas
  • Txhais “kev piav dab neeg”: keeb kwm qhia ib tiam dhau ib tiam los ntawm qhov ncauj, feem ntau yog los ntawm kev piav dab neeg, cov nkauj, los sis kev coj noj coj ua, es tsis yog los ntawm kev nyeem ib phau ntawv.

Tig thiab Tham

Thaum nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv, cov tub ntxhais kawm kawm keeb kwm thaum lawv nyeem cov phau ntawv. Vim li cas kev piav dab neeg ho tseem ceeb ib yam li cov phau ntawv nyeem?

  • Nug ob peb tug tub ntxhais kawm qhia lawv cov tswv yim rau sawv daws.

Phua: Ntawv Hmoob Las Tees

  • Piav qhia tias ntawv Hmoob Las Tees yog hom ntawv uas Hmoob coob tus siv niaj hnub no. Ntawv Hmoob Las Tees tsim thaum xyoo 1950s los ntawm ib co Txiv Plig Fab Kis. Ntawv Hmoob Las Tees siv cov tsiaj ntawv ABC uas peb paub, tiam sis cov tsiaj ntawv Hmoob lub suab txawv lawm xwb. 
  • Piav qhia me ntsis tias lus Hmoob yog ib h1 Kawm Txog Hmoob 5th-8th T-Chart Activityom lus muaj 8 lub suab cim. Tus tsiaj ntawv kawg ntawm ib lo lus Hmoob tsis muaj suab; nws qhia kom yus hais lo lus siab, qis, tus, los sis npub ntswg. Txhua lo lus Hmoob muaj nws lub ntsiab lus.
  • Sau/tso lo lus Hmoob. Piav qhiav tias tus tsiaj ntawv “b” tsis muaj suab/tsis ua suab. Nws yog ib tug tsiaj ntawm cim, uas qhia yus kom hais lo lus nrog lub suab siab siab; nws cim zoo yam li suab paj nruag xwb. 

Tig thiab Tham

Yog tias koj hais lo lus “Hmoob” tsis nrog lub suab siab siab, tiam sis nrog lub suab qis los tus, nws ho txawv li cas? Ib hom lus muaj feem tshuam ib tus neeg li keeb kwm piav dab neeg li cas?

  • Nug ob peb tug tub ntxhais kawm qhia lawv cov tswv yim rau sawv daws.

Zom: Ib Yam Xyooj Zaj Dab Neeg thiab kev kawm lom zem 

  • Muab “Ib Yam Xyooj” ib zaj lus luv luv los ntawm Green Card Youth Voices: Immigration Stories from a St. Paul High School, siv ntu nruab nrab ntawm nploog 3 txog 4
  • Nyeem zaj dab neeg qhia txog Ib Yam lub neej nyob Asmesliskas nrov nrov rau sawv daws mloog, hais kom cov tub ntxhais kawm nyeem/mloog raws

Kev Kawm Siv T-Chart

  • Muab cov tub ntxhais ib leeg ib daim ntawv T-chart, uas yeej muaj lo lus “Txwv Yus Hauv Kev” rau ib sab thiab “Pab Tau Yus” rau ib sab.
    • Txwv Yus Hauv Kev– Hauv qab sab no, hais kom cov tub ntxhais kawm nrhiav thiab sau txog Ib Yam lub neej thaum uas nws ntsib tej yam nyuaj, xws li kho siab, tsis nkag siab tus kheej, hnov tau tias nws txawv lwm tus, thiab lwm yam tsis zoo/nyuab.
    • Pab Tau Yus– Hauv qab sab no, hais kom cov tub ntxhais nrhiav thiab sau txog Ib Yam lub neej thaum uas nws ntsib kev zoo siab, xws li nws txaus siab rau nws tus kheej, nws muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog nws tsev neeg, thiab lwm yam kev zoo/yooj yim.
    • Cov tub ntxhais yuav tsum nrhiav thiab sau kom tau li 3 mus rau 5 yam rau ib qho/sab.

Pab Pawg Sib Tham/Sib Qhia Tswv Yim

  • Ib Yam zaj dab neeg muaj feem rau Minnesota tej keeb kwm li cas?

Saib Dua: 3-2-1 Daim Pib Tawm

Siv ib daim ntawv (nyob hauv phau ntawv sau los sis ib daim ntawv me me) los sis saum huab cua, hais kom cov tub ntxhais sau teb cov lus no thiab muab rau tus xib fwb:

  • Peb yam lawv kawm tau txog keeb kwm Hmoob los sis lus Hmoob
  • Ob qho vim li cas kev piav dab neeg thiaj tseem ceeb
  • Ib lo lus nug uas lawv tseem muaj txog Hmoob keeb kwm/ kab lis kev cai

Kev Pab Cov Tub Ntxhais Hais Ntau Hom Lus thiab Kawm Lus Askiv

  • Sau cov kab lus qhia pib hais lus thaum muaj kev sib tham
  • Muab cov ntawv muaj T-Chart.

Ntsiab Lus thiab Txhais Li Cas

  • Kev piav dab neeg:  keeb kwm qhia ib tiam dhau ib tiam los ntawm qhov ncauj, feem ntau yog los ntawm kev piav dab neeg, cov nkauj, los sis kev coj noj coj ua, es tsis yog los ntawm kev nyeem ib phau ntawv.
  • Ntawv Hmoob Las Tees: ib hom kev sau thiab nyeem ntawv Hmoob uas siv tib co tsiaj ntawv li lus Askiv tiam sis lub suab sib txawv

Teev Cov Khoom Siv